虽然工地上这两种机械都经常能看到，但还是有区别的，这里就来给大家科普一下：

Although these two types of machinery can often be seen on construction sites, there are still differences. Here, let me give you a brief introduction:

　　我认为简单的区分的就是俗名，因为大家都是用理解的叫法去称呼，不想学名，有时候比较难弄清。

First of all, I think the simplest and best way to distinguish is through common names, because everyone uses the most understandable way of addressing them and doesn't want to learn their names, which can sometimes be difficult to understand.

　　挖掘机一般工地上都叫挖机，看上去就少了一个字，但是装载机就差得比较多，装载机一般是叫铲车。其实这就很明显了，一个是“挖”的，一个是“铲”的，挖掘机的铲斗是像手臂一样吊起来的，装载机的铲斗是一般不作业的时候近乎贴着地面。

Excavators are commonly referred to as excavators on construction sites, which may appear to be missing one word, but loaders are much worse, and loaders are generally referred to as forklifts. In fact, this is very obvious, one is "digging" and the other is "shovel". The excavator bucket is lifted like an arm, and the loader bucket is usually close to the ground when not in operation.

　　当然两者之间还是有很多共同之处的，不管是开挖掘机还是装载机，都是需要具有的相应的操作证的，这个证书是必须持有的上岗基本证书，是证明你能够操作机械的证书。

Of course, there are still many similarities between the two. Firstly, whether you are operating an excavator or a loader, you need to have a corresponding operation certificate. This certificate is a basic job certificate that you must hold, which proves that you can safely operate machinery.

　　对于通用的工程建设机械，一般只需要培训合格证书、施工作业操作证书和技能等级证书即可。有老师傅说挖掘机证装载机证是安监局颁发，或者是住建厅、质监局颁发的，其实这个消息是已经过时了。

For general construction machinery, only training certificates, construction operation certificates, and skill level certificates are generally required. A teacher said that the excavator certificate and loader certificate were issued by the safety supervision bureau, or by the housing and construction department or the quality supervision bureau, but in fact, this news is outdated.

　　从2012年开始，挖掘机、装载机等大部分机种的建设机械已经不属于特种设备，不涉及特种作业，因此也不再是特种作业证书。

Since 2012, most types of construction machinery such as excavators and loaders are no longer considered special equipment and do not involve special operations, therefore they are no longer special operation certificates.

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