路面工程机械设备的常见种类有哪些？

What are the common types of road construction machinery and equipment?

　　工程机械的种类很多，一般情况说起工程机械就是挖掘机、装载机等常见的铲土设备或者是起重机一类的设备。而路面工程机械设备很少见。下面我们就来认识、了解几款路面工程机械设备。

There are many types of construction machinery, and when it comes to construction machinery, it generally refers to common shovel equipment such as excavators, loaders, or cranes. However, road construction machinery and equipment are rare. Next, let's get to know and understand several types of road construction machinery and equipment.

　　一、摊铺机

1、 Paver

　　摊铺机相对与其他大部分路面设备大家要稍微熟悉一些，但非专业人员想必也没有做过深入了解，有些人可能还认为摊铺机只是用来铺沥青路面的，其实不然，现在的有很多水稳层也是摊铺机摊的，当然水稳也还有用挖掘机或平地机摊平的，但摊铺机铺的压实度和平整度要好些，施工要求高的都用摊铺机摊水稳。自卸车将水稳拌合料（或沥青）运来后对着摊铺机的料斗缓慢卸料，料斗底部的输送带将拌合料往里送到螺旋叶片处，天气热的原因工作时侧盖打开露出了三员大将。摊铺机工作时由三个人操作，上面的全面负责，根据自卸车和料斗里料的多少控制行走，自卸车走后折叠料斗，当然其它的上面也可以控制，但由于距离远视线不好，所以后面两端还要有两个人专门负责操作。两边的螺旋叶片分别由两个马达驱动，可以单独控制，摊铺机工作时，熨板两端站的人就是根据料的多少操作螺旋叶片的，并且适当调节熨板宽度。这就是熨板两端的控制器，一边一个，可以控制螺旋叶片旋转和摊铺的宽度，一方面根据料的多少控制螺旋叶片，另一方面摊铺过程中摊铺机离路边的距离会有小范围变化，也靠这个控制器调整。这两个控制器是活动的，工作时拿出来固定在两端，下班时收起来锁在驾驶室里。每车料卸完后料斗往中间折叠一下，将料斗两边的料弄到中间的输送带上。工人帮忙把地上撒的收起来，主要是把履带行走轨迹上的清净，保证摊铺机平稳行走，从而保证摊铺效果平整。铺沥青路面时为了防止沥青油料粘在熨平板上，要电加热熨平板，所以有一个专门的马达带个发电机为其供电。刚铺出来的沥青“滋滋”作响，烟气弥漫，沥青应该还在沸点温度，站在边上像站在一个大火盆跟前。

Compared to most other road equipment, pavers are somewhat familiar to everyone, but non professionals probably haven't had a deep understanding. Some people may still think that pavers are only used to lay asphalt roads, but in fact, many water stable layers are also paved by pavers. Of course, water stable layers can also be leveled by excavators or graders, but the compactness and flatness of pavers are better, and those with high construction requirements use pavers for water stability. The dump truck slowly unloads the water stabilized mixture (or asphalt) towards the hopper of the paver. The conveyor belt at the bottom of the hopper transports the mixture inward to the spiral blades. Due to hot weather, the side cover is opened during operation, revealing three generals. During the operation of the paver, there are three people who are responsible for the overall operation. They control the movement based on the amount of material in the dump truck and hopper. After the dump truck leaves, the hopper can be folded. Of course, other areas can also be controlled from above. However, due to the distance and poor visibility, there are two people at the back who are specifically responsible for the operation. The spiral blades on both sides are driven by two motors and can be controlled separately. When the paver is working, the people standing at both ends of the ironing plate operate the spiral blades according to the amount of material and adjust the width of the ironing plate appropriately. This is the controller at both ends of the ironing board, one on each side, which can control the rotation of the spiral blades and the width of the paving. On the one hand, the spiral blades are controlled according to the amount of material, and on the other hand, the distance between the paving machine and the roadside may vary slightly during the paving process, which can be adjusted by this controller. These two controllers are movable, fixed at both ends during operation, and locked in the cab after work. After each truck is unloaded, fold the hopper towards the middle and transfer the materials on both sides of the hopper onto the conveyor belt in the middle. The workers help to collect the scattered material on the ground, mainly to keep the track clean and ensure the smooth operation of the paver, thus ensuring a smooth paving effect. When laying asphalt pavement, in order to prevent asphalt from sticking to the ironing plate, it is necessary to electrically heat the ironing plate, so there is a special motor with a generator to supply power to it. The newly laid asphalt sizzled, and smoke filled the air. The asphalt should still be at its boiling point, standing beside it like standing in front of a large fire pit.

　　二、冷再生

2、 Cold regeneration

　　冷再生是一个比较陌生的东西，如果你参加过12年宝马展那就应该认识这种神器。

Cold regeneration is a relatively unfamiliar thing, and if you have participated in a BMW exhibition in 2012, you should know this kind of artifact.

　　先大概了解一下冷再生，冷再生是在常温下使用冷再生专用机械连续完成铣刨和破碎包括面层和部分基层在内的旧路面结构层、添加再生材料、拌和、摊铺、碾压等作业过程．重新形成具有一定承载能力的结构层。

First, let's have a general understanding of cold recycling. Cold recycling is the process of using specialized machinery for cold recycling to continuously complete milling, crushing, adding recycled materials, mixing, paving, rolling, and other operations on the old pavement structure layer, including the surface layer and part of the base layer, at room temperature. It re forms a structural layer with a certain load-bearing capacity.

　　三、铣刨机

3、 Milling machine

　　在工程机械迅速发展的今天，以前修路用挖掘机的场面不见了，取而代之的是铣刨机。下面我们就以铣刨机行业的大佬----维特根的W1900为例来研究一下这个路面工程机械当中的大家伙。前后各两条履带，四条小履带看起来很敦实的感觉，每条履带有一个立柱支撑，这就是传说中的四轮独立悬挂！行走马达没有护板，暴露在外，可能是常走柏油路不上山的缘故。铣刨箱上的液压缸看起来很苗条，不过应该够用了，毕竟是经过工程师匹配设计的。

Today, with the rapid development of construction machinery, the scene of excavators used for road construction has disappeared, replaced by milling machines. Next, let's take Wittgen's W1900, a leader in the milling machine industry, as an example to study the big guy in this road construction machinery. There are two tracks in front and two tracks in the back, and the four small tracks look very solid. Each track is supported by a pillar, which is the legendary four-wheel independent suspension! The walking motor lacks a protective plate and is exposed, which may be due to frequent use of asphalt roads and not going up the mountain. The hydraulic cylinder on the milling box looks very slim, but it should be sufficient, after all, it has been matched and designed by engineers.

　　路面工程在工程建设方面占有很大的比重，同样路面工程机械在整个工程机械当中也有着非常重要的地位，相信在将来路面工程机械设备也会想挖掘机、装载机一样被大家所熟悉。

Road engineering accounts for a large proportion in engineering construction, and similarly, road engineering machinery plays a very important role in the entire construction machinery. I believe that in the future, road engineering machinery and equipment will also be familiar to everyone like excavators and loaders.

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