道路沥青用来铺路的沥青，减压蒸馏通常可获得性能合适的原油，减压渣油也可通过浅层氧化或丙烷脱沥青工艺获得，也可通过混合具有不同延展性和渗透性的沥青制备。

Road asphalt is used for paving roads, and vacuum distillation can usually obtain crude oil with suitable performance. Vacuum residue can also be obtained through shallow oxidation or propane deasphalting processes, or prepared by mixing asphalt with different ductility and permeability.

沥青可分为煤焦油沥青、石油沥青和天然沥青。它具有良好的耐水性、电绝缘性流动性、弹塑性、热稳定性和持久附着力。适用于中、轻型交通道路沥青路面的摊铺。

Asphalt can be divided into coal tar asphalt, petroleum asphalt, and natural asphalt. It has good water resistance, electrical insulation, fluidity, elasticity, thermal stability, and long-lasting adhesion. Suitable for paving asphalt pavement on medium and light traffic roads.

1，煤焦油沥青是焦化的副产品，即焦油蒸馏后留在蒸馏釜中的黑色物质。它只是在物理性质上与精制焦油不同，没有明显的界限。一般划分方法是规定软化点低于26.7℃的焦油（立方体法）和软化点高于26.7℃的沥青。煤沥青主要含有蒽、菲、芘等。这些物质有毒。由于这些组分的含量不同，煤沥青的性能也不同。温度的变化对煤沥青有很大的影响。冬天容易开裂，夏天容易软化。

1. Coal tar pitch is a byproduct of coking, which is the black substance left in the distillation kettle after tar distillation. It is only different from refined tar in physical properties, without clear boundaries. The general classification method is to specify tar with a softening point below 26.7 ℃ (cubic method) and asphalt with a softening point above 26.7 ℃. Coal tar pitch mainly contains anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, etc. These substances are toxic. Due to the different contents of these components, the performance of coal tar pitch also varies. The change in temperature has a significant impact on coal tar pitch. It is prone to cracking in winter and softening in summer.

2，石油沥青是原油蒸馏后的残渣。根据精炼程度，可在室温下转化为液体、半固体或固体。石油沥青是黑色和光泽，具有高温敏感性。由于在生产过程中蒸馏温度在400℃以上，其挥发性成分很少，但仍可能存在未挥发的高分子碳氢化合物，对人体健康的危害或多或少。

2. Petroleum asphalt is the residue of crude oil distillation. Depending on the degree of refinement, it can be converted into liquid, semi-solid, or solid at room temperature. Petroleum asphalt is black and glossy, with high temperature sensitivity. Due to the distillation temperature above 400 ℃ during the production process, its volatile components are minimal, but there may still be non-volatile high molecular weight hydrocarbons, which pose varying degrees of harm to human health.

3，天然沥青储存在地下，有些形成矿层或堆积在地壳表面。这种沥青大多经过自然蒸发和氧化，一般不含任何毒素。

3. Natural asphalt is stored underground, with some forming mineral layers or accumulating on the surface of the earth's crust. This type of asphalt mostly undergoes natural evaporation and oxidation, and generally does not contain any toxins.

沥青是煤、木材和其他有机物干馏所得焦油的再加工产品。项目中使用的大多数沥青是石油沥青，它是复杂碳氢化合物及其非金属衍生物的混合物。沥青的闪点一般在240℃~330℃之间，燃点比闪点高约3℃~6℃。因此，施工温度应控制在闪点以下。

Asphalt is a reprocessed product of tar obtained from the dry distillation of coal, wood, and other organic matter. Most of the asphalt used in the project is petroleum asphalt, which is a mixture of complex hydrocarbons and their non-metallic derivatives. The flash point of asphalt is generally between 240 ℃ and 330 ℃, and the flash point is about 3 ℃ to 6 ℃ higher than the flash point. Therefore, the construction temperature should be controlled below the flash point.

由不同分子量的碳氢化合物及其非金属衍生物组成的深棕色复杂混合物是一种高粘度的有机液体。沥青是一种具有防水、防潮、防腐性能的有机胶凝材料。

A deep brown complex mixture composed of hydrocarbons of different molecular weights and their non-metallic derivatives is a high viscosity organic liquid. Asphalt is an organic cementitious material with waterproof, moisture-proof, and anti-corrosion properties.

在室温下，道路沥青是一种黑色发亮的半固体。加热后逐渐融化，可溶解在有机溶剂中。该产品具有良好的流动性、热稳定性、持久附着力、弹塑性、电绝缘性和耐水性。适用于中、轻型交通道路沥青路面的摊铺。

At room temperature, road asphalt is a black shiny semi-solid. After heating, it gradually melts and can dissolve in organic solvents. This product has good fluidity, thermal stability, long-lasting adhesion, elasticity, electrical insulation, and water resistance. Suitable for paving asphalt pavement on medium and light traffic roads.